Sebaceous Cysts

A sebaceous cyst, also known as an epidermoid or epidermal inclusion cyst, is a non-cancerous lump beneath the skin. It is usually filled with keratin – a soft, cheese-like material – and develops from blocked hair follicles or skin trauma.

Sebaceous cysts can appear anywhere on the body but are most commonly found on the:

• Scalp
• Face
• Neck
• Back
• Chest
  

• A round, smooth lump under the skin
• Usually painless unless infected
• May have a central punctum (small opening)
• Can become red, swollen, or tender if inflamed or infected
• Occasionally discharge foul-smelling material if ruptured
  

Sebaceous cysts are benign (non-cancerous) and typically harmless. However, they can become uncomfortable, infected, or cosmetically concerning.

MONITORING

• If the cyst is small, painless, and not changing, no treatment may be needed.
  

INCISION AND DRAINAGE

• May be performed if the cyst is infected or causing discomfort
• This relieves symptoms but the cyst may return

SURGICAL REMOVAL

• Minor procedure done under local anaesthetic
• Removes the entire cyst wall to reduce the risk of recurrence
• Recommended if the cyst is recurrent, infected, or cosmetically bothersome
  

• Keep the wound clean and dry
• Follow your healthcare provider’s wound care instructions
• Stitches (if used) are usually removed after 7–10 days
• A small scar may remain at the site of removal
  

• Rapid increase in size
• Signs of infection (pain, redness, warmth, pus)
• Persistent discomfort or cosmetic concern
• Uncertainty about the nature of the lump
  

For further advice, speak to your GP or surgeon. Useful websites:

• NHS: www.nhs.uk
• British Association of Dermatologists: www.bad.org.uk