Laryngitis

Laryngitis is inflammation of the larynx, or voice box, usually resulting in a hoarse voice, loss of voice, or throat discomfort. It is commonly caused by a viral infection, but can also result from overuse of the voice, irritation (such as from smoke or acid reflux), or, less commonly, bacterial infection.

• Hoarseness or loss of voice
• Dry or sore throat
• Tickling sensation in the throat
• Weak voice or whispering
• Dry cough
• Difficulty speaking
  

• Viral infections (most common)
• Voice strain (e.g. shouting or prolonged speaking)
• Smoking or exposure to irritants
• Acid reflux (laryngopharyngeal reflux)
• Allergies
• Less commonly, bacterial infections
  

Viral laryngitis can be contagious, particularly in the early stages when symptoms resemble a cold. Good hand hygiene and avoiding close contact can help prevent spread.

Most cases of laryngitis get better on their own within 1–2 weeks. Treatment focuses on relieving symptoms:

• Rest your voice – avoid speaking or whispering too much
• Stay hydrated – drink plenty of fluids
• Avoid smoking and smoky environments
• Use steam inhalation to soothe the throat
• Suck lozenges or chew gum to keep the throat moist
• Treat any underlying cause such as reflux or allergies
  
  Antibiotics are rarely needed unless a bacterial infection is confirmed.
  

• Symptoms last longer than 2–3 weeks
• You have significant pain or difficulty swallowing
• You cough up blood
• You have a high temperature or feel very unwell
• You have frequent episodes of laryngitis
  

• Avoid straining your voice
• Stop smoking and avoid secondhand smoke
• Stay well hydrated
• Manage acid reflux with diet and medication if needed
• Practise good hygiene to reduce infection risk
  

Speak to your GP or an ENT specialist if you are concerned. Useful websites:

• NHS: www.nhs.uk
• ENT UK: www.entuk.org